Sternal Wound Infection: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Sternal wound infection is an infection that occurs in the incision made during heart surgery on the breastbone (sternum). It is a significant complication that can lead to serious consequences if not treated promptly. Although not very common, it is crucial to be aware of this risk, especially after cardiac procedures. Proper wound care and early detection are essential to prevent complications and promote healing. If you notice any signs of infection such as redness, swelling, or discharge from the wound, seek medical attention immediately.

Causes of Sternal Wound Infection

• Poor wound care practices
• Presence of other infections in the body
• Obesity or diabetes
• Immunosuppression
• Long surgical duration

Symptoms of Sternal Wound Infection

Recognizing the symptoms of Sternal Wound Infection is crucial for early detection and improved outcomes post-surgery. Timely identification can prevent complications and prompt appropriate treatment. Some key symptoms to watch for include:

• Redness, warmth, or swelling around the surgical incision site
• Increased pain or tenderness at the wound site
• Pus or drainage from the incision
• Fever or chills
• Unpleasant odor coming from the wound

Being vigilant about these signs and promptly informing healthcare providers can lead to better management of Sternal Wound Infections, reducing the risk of serious complications.

Diagnosis of Sternal Wound Infection

Accurate diagnosis of Sternal Wound Infection is crucial to prevent complications and guide appropriate treatment. The diagnostic process typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation and diagnostic tests.

• Physical examination to assess signs of infection such as redness, swelling, and drainage.
• Lab tests like complete blood count (CBC) and cultures to identify the causative organism.
• Imaging studies such as chest X-ray or CT scan to evaluate the extent of the infection.

Treatment Options for Sternal Wound Infection

When it comes to treating Sternal Wound Infections, individualized care is crucial for successful outcomes.

Antibiotics

• Antibiotics are used to combat bacterial infections.
• They help eliminate the infectious agents causing the wound infection.
• The primary objective is to clear the infection and prevent its spread.
• Treatment duration and specific antibiotic choice may vary based on the severity of the infection.

Surgical Debridement

• Surgical debridement involves removing infected or dead tissue from the wound.
• It promotes healing by creating a clean environment for the wound to close.
• The main goal is to reduce bacterial load and enhance wound healing.
• Multiple debridement sessions may be necessary depending on the extent of tissue involvement.

Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT)

• NPWT uses suction to remove excess fluid and promote blood flow to the wound.
• It helps reduce edema, improve tissue oxygenation, and accelerate wound healing.
• The primary objective is to support wound healing and reduce the risk of infection.
• NPWT is often used as an adjunct to other treatments for better outcomes.

Prevention and Management of Sternal Wound Infection

When it comes to preventing or managing Sternal Wound Infection, lifestyle changes and proactive measures play a crucial role in ensuring better outcomes. Here's how you can take charge of your health through various approaches:

Lifestyle Modifications:

• Avoid smoking as it can impair wound healing and increase infection risk.
• Maintain a healthy weight to reduce strain on the wound site.
• Eat a balanced diet rich in nutrients to support the healing process.

Regular Screenings:

• Attend follow-up appointments as scheduled to monitor wound healing.
• Report any signs of infection such as redness, swelling, or discharge promptly.
• Discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider to address them early.

Supportive Care:

• Follow post-operative care instructions diligently for optimal recovery.
• Practice good hygiene to prevent infections, especially around the wound area.
• Avoid strenuous activities that may strain the surgical site during the healing process.

If you’ve been having any symptoms or worries about Sternal Wound Infection, please reach out to our doctors. They will listen to your concerns, answer your questions and guide you through the next steps.